2004 early bone loss post-test.doc

Home Study Slide Sets
Preventing Bone Loss in Early Postmenopausal Women (Page 1 of 2)
1. While bone mass decreases as a function of age in both men and women, women tend to reach the “fracture threshold” (the BMD at which the risk of fracture significantly increases) earlier than men because: A. women tend to achieve a lower peak bone mass than men B. women experience an acceleration in the rate of bone loss after the onset of menopause C. rapid postmenopausal bone loss continues for 15–20 years in most women D. both A and B are correct E. both B and C are correct 2. Cellular changes associated with estrogen deficiency that lead to accelerated bone resorption include all of the following except : A. increased production of tumor necrosis factor B. stromal cells/preosteoblasts releasing cytokines that stimulate the proliferation of osteoclast precursors or osteoclastoge nesis C. cytokine- mediated inhibition of osteoclast apoptosis D. enhanced lifespan of osteoblasts 3. Which of the following techniques will be most helpful in monitoring bone loss and assessing response to treatment in early postmenopausal women? A. pQCT of the spine B. DXA of the lumbar spine C. RA of the hand D. QUS of the heel 4. The association between low bone mass and fracture is stronger than that between systolic blood pressure and stroke, or that between serum cholesterol and coronary events. A. True B. False 5. According to the National Osteoporosis Foundation, who should be considered for prevention and/or treatment of osteoporosis? A. Postmenopausal women with T-score below –2.0 with no risk factors B. Postmenopausal women with T-score below –1.5 with 1 or more risk factors C. Both A and B D. Neither A nor B 6. Despite the availability of effective treatments, there is strong recent evidence that the majority of patients who sustain an osteoporosis-related fracture do not receive any drug treatment for osteoporosis following the fracture. A. True B. False 7. The Women’s HOPE trial found that lower-than-standard doses of CEE and CEE/MPA effectively prevent bone loss in early postmenopausal women. Home Study Slide Sets
Preventing Bone Loss in Early Postmenopausal Women (Page 2 of 2)
8. In an ORAG-conducted meta-analysis of osteoporosis therapies, which of the following therapies demonstrated a statistically significant treatment effect on nonvertebral fractures? A. Alendronate only B. Alendronate, risedronate, and HT C. Alendronate, risedronate, and calcitonin D. Raloxifene and alendronate E. Calcium, alendronate, risedronate, and HT 9. The WHI was the first randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to demonstrate a reduction in _________ in postmenopausal women not specifically selected for being at increased risk for fracture. A. hip fractures B. clinical vertebral fractures C. lower arm/wrist fractures D. total fractures E. all of the above 10. Based on the WHI findings, total fracture prevention associated with use of E+P is approximately A. 6 fewer fractures per 10,000 persons per year B. 11 fewer fractures per 10,000 persons per year C. 25 fewer fractures per 10,000 persons per year D. 47 fewer fractures per 10,000 persons per year E. 75 fewer fractures per 10,000 persons per year

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