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International Committee of Medical Journal
Editors Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts
Submitted to Biomedical Journals: Sample
References
Articles in Journals
List the first six authors followed by et al. (Note: NLM now lists allauthors.) Halpern SD, Ubel PA, Caplan AL. Solid-organ transplantation inHIV-infected patients. N Engl J Med. 2002 Jul 25;347(4):284-7.
As an option, if a journal carries continuous pagination throughout avolume (as many medical journals do) the month and issue numbermay be omitted.
Halpern SD, Ubel PA, Caplan AL. Solid-organ transplantation inHIV-infected patients. N Engl J Med. 2002;347:284-7.
Optional addition of a database's unique identifier for the citation: Halpern SD, Ubel PA, Caplan AL. Solid-organ transplantation inHIV-infected patients. N Engl J Med. 2002 Jul 25;347(4):284-7. Citedin PubMed; PMID 12140307.
Rose ME, Huerbin MB, Melick J, Marion DW, Palmer AM, Schiding JK,et al. Regulation of interstitial excitatory amino acid concentrationsafter cortical contusion injury. Brain Res. 2002;935(1-2):40-6.
Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group. Hypertension, insulin,and proinsulin in participants with impaired glucose tolerance.
Hypertension. 2002;40(5):679-86.
3. Both personal authors and an organization as author (This exampledoes not conform to NISO standards.) Vallancien G, Emberton M, Harving N, van Moorselaar RJ; Alf-OneStudy Group. Sexual dysfunction in 1,274 European men sufferingfrom lower urinary tract symptoms. J Urol. 2003;169(6):2257-61.
21st century heart solution may have a sting in the tail. BMJ.
2002;325(7357):184.
(Note: NLM translates the title into English, encloses the translation insquare brackets, and adds an abbreviated language designator.) Ellingsen AE, Wilhelmsen I. Sykdomsangst blant medisin- ogjusstudenter. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2002;122(8):785-7.
Geraud G, Spierings EL, Keywood C. Tolerability and safety offrovatriptan with short- and long-term use for treatment of migraineand in comparison with sumatriptan. Headache. 2002;42 Suppl2:S93-9.
Glauser TA. Integrating clinical trial data into clinical practice.
Neurology. 2002;58(12 Suppl 7):S6-12.
Abend SM, Kulish N. The psychoanalytic method from anepistemological viewpoint. Int J Psychoanal. 2002;83(Pt 2):491-5.
Ahrar K, Madoff DC, Gupta S, Wallace MJ, Price RE, Wright KC.
Development of a large animal model for lung tumors. J Vasc IntervRadiol. 2002;13(9 Pt 1):923-8.
Banit DM, Kaufer H, Hartford JM. Intraoperative frozen sectionanalysis in revision total joint arthroplasty. Clin Orthop.
2002;(401):230-8.
Outreach: bringing HIV-positive individuals into care. HRSACareaction. 2002 Jun:1-6.
Chadwick R, Schuklenk U. The politics of ethical consensus finding.
Bioethics. 2002;16(2):iii-v.
13. Type of article indicated as needed Tor M, Turker H. International approaches to the prescription oflong-term oxygen therapy [letter]. Eur Respir J. 2002;20(1):242.
Lofwall MR, Strain EC, Brooner RK, Kindbom KA, Bigelow GE.
Characteristics of older methadone maintenance (MM) patients[abstract]. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2002;66 Suppl 1:S105.
Feifel D, Moutier CY, Perry W. Safety and tolerability of a rapidlyescalating dose-loading regimen for risperidone. J Clin Psychiatry.
2002;63(2):169. Retraction of: Feifel D, Moutier CY, Perry W. J ClinPsychiatry. 2000;61(12):909-11.
Feifel D, Moutier CY, Perry W. Safety and tolerability of a rapidlyescalating dose-loading regimen for risperidone. J Clin Psychiatry.
2000;61(12):909-11. Retraction in: Feifel D, Moutier CY, Perry W. JClin Psychiatry. 2002;63(2):169.
16. Article republished with corrections Mansharamani M, Chilton BS. The reproductive importance of P-typeATPases. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2002;188(1-2):22-5. Corrected andrepublished from: Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2001;183(1-2):123-6.
17. Article with published erratum Malinowski JM, Bolesta S. Rosiglitazone in the treatment of type 2diabetes mellitus: a critical review. Clin Ther. 2000;22(10):1151-68;discussion 1149-50. Erratum in: Clin Ther 2001;23(2):309.
18. Article published electronically ahead of the print version Yu WM, Hawley TS, Hawley RG, Qu CK. Immortalization of yolksac-derived precursor cells. Blood. 2002 Nov 15;100(10):3828-31.
Epub 2002 Jul 5.
Books and Other Monographs
Murray PR, Rosenthal KS, Kobayashi GS, Pfaller MA. Medicalmicrobiology. 4th ed. St. Louis: Mosby; 2002.
20. Editor(s), compiler(s) as author Gilstrap LC 3rd, Cunningham FG, VanDorsten JP, editors. Operativeobstetrics. 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2002.
Breedlove GK, Schorfheide AM. Adolescent pregnancy. 2nd ed.
Wieczorek RR, editor. White Plains (NY): March of Dimes EducationServices; 2001.
Royal Adelaide Hospital; University of Adelaide, Department ofClinical Nursing. Compendium of nursing research and practicedevelopment, 1999-2000. Adelaide (Australia): Adelaide University;2001.
Meltzer PS, Kallioniemi A, Trent JM. Chromosome alterations inhuman solid tumors. In: Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, editors. Thegenetic basis of human cancer. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2002. p.
93-113.
Harnden P, Joffe JK, Jones WG, editors. Germ cell tumours V.
Proceedings of the 5th Germ Cell Tumour Conference; 2001 Sep13-15; Leeds, UK. New York: Springer; 2002.
Christensen S, Oppacher F. An analysis of Koza's computational effortstatistic for genetic programming. In: Foster JA, Lutton E, Miller J,Ryan C, Tettamanzi AG, editors. Genetic programming. EuroGP 2002:Proceedings of the 5th European Conference on Genetic Programming;2002 Apr 3-5; Kinsdale, Ireland. Berlin: Springer; 2002. p. 182-91.
26. Scientific or technical report Yen GG (Oklahoma State University, School of Electrical andComputer Engineering, Stillwater, OK). Health monitoring onvibration signatures. Final report. Arlington (VA): Air Force Office ofScientific Research (US), Air Force Research Laboratory; 2002 Feb.
Report No.: AFRLSRBLTR020123. Contract No.: F496209810049.
Russell ML, Goth-Goldstein R, Apte MG, Fisk WJ. Method formeasuring the size distribution of airborne Rhinovirus. Berkeley (CA):Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental EnergyTechnologies Division; 2002 Jan. Report No.: LBNL49574. ContractNo.: DEAC0376SF00098. Sponsored by the Department of Energy.
Borkowski MM. Infant sleep and feeding: a telephone survey ofHispanic Americans [dissertation]. Mount Pleasant (MI): CentralMichigan University; 2002.
Pagedas AC, inventor; Ancel Surgical R&D Inc., assignee. Flexibleendoscopic grasping and cutting device and positioning tool assembly.
United States patent US 20020103498. 2002 Aug 1.
Other Published Material
Tynan T. Medical improvements lower homicide rate: study sees dropin assault rate. The Washington Post. 2002 Aug 12;Sect. A:2 (col. 4).
Chason KW, Sallustio S. Hospital preparedness for bioterrorism[videocassette]. Secaucus (NJ): Network for Continuing MedicalEducation; 2002.
Public law:Veterans Hearing Loss Compensation Act of 2002, Pub. L. No. 107-9,115 Stat. 11 (May 24, 2001).
Unenacted bill:Healthy Children Learn Act, S. 1012, 107th Cong., 1st Sess. (2001).
Code of Federal Regulations:Cardiopulmonary Bypass Intracardiac Suction Control, 21 C.F.R. Sect.
870.4430 (2002).
Hearing:Arsenic in Drinking Water: An Update on the Science, Benefits andCost: Hearing Before the Subcomm. on Environment, Technology andStandards of the House Comm. on Science, 107th Cong., 1st Sess.
(Oct. 4, 2001).
Pratt B, Flick P, Vynne C, cartographers. Biodiversity hotspots [map].
Washington: Conservation International; 2000.
33. Dictionary and similar references Dorland's illustrated medical dictionary. 29th ed. Philadelphia: W.B.
Saunders; 2000. Filamin; p. 675.
Unpublished Material
(Note: NLM prefers "forthcoming" because not all items will beprinted.) Tian D, Araki H, Stahl E, Bergelson J, Kreitman M. Signature ofbalancing selection in Arabidopsis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. In press2002.
Electronic Material
Anderson SC, Poulsen KB. Anderson's electronic atlas of hematology[CD-ROM]. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2002.
36. Journal article on the Internet Abood S. Quality improvement initiative in nursing homes: the ANAacts in an advisory role. Am J Nurs [serial on the Internet]. 2002 Jun[cited 2002 Aug 12];102(6):[about 3 p.]. Available from:http://www.nursingworld.org/AJN/2002/june/Wawatch.htm Foley KM, Gelband H, editors. Improving palliative care for cancer[monograph on the Internet]. Washington: National Academy Press;2001 [cited 2002 Jul 9]. Available from:http://www.nap.edu/books/0309074029/html/.
Cancer-Pain.org [homepage on the Internet]. New York: Associationof Cancer Online Resources, Inc.; c2000-01 [updated 2002 May 16;cited 2002 Jul 9]. Available from: http://www.cancer-pain.org/.
American Medical Association [homepage on the Internet]. Chicago:The Association; c1995-2002 [updated 2001 Aug 23; cited 2002 Aug12]. AMA Office of Group Practice Liaison; [about 2 screens].
Available from:http://www.ama-assn.org/ama/pub/category/1736.html Open database:Who's Certified [database on the Internet]. Evanston (IL): TheAmerican Board of Medical Specialists. c2000 - [cited 2001 Mar 8].
Available from: http://www.abms.org/newsearch.asp Closed database:Jablonski S. Online Multiple Congenital Anomaly/Mental Retardation(MCA/MR) Syndromes [database on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD):National Library of Medicine (US). c1999 [updated 2001 Nov 20; cited2002 Aug 12]. Available from:http://www.nlm.nih.gov/archive//20061212/mesh/jablonski/syndrome_title.html 41. Part of a database on the Internet MeSH Browser [database on the Internet]. Bethesda (MD): NationalLibrary of Medicine (US); 2002 - [cited 2003 Jun 10]. Meta-analysis;unique ID: D015201; [about 3 p.]. Available from:http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/MBrowser.html Files updated weekly.

Source: http://homepage.ntu.edu.tw/~yhhwang/file/samples%20of%20reference.pdf