- Question forms: Questions with auxiliaries, Subject
Phrases to say you like/don’t like sth.
- Positive and negative verb forms, e.g. I don’t think I could
- Positive and negative words and phrases: e.g. love – hate,
- Adjectives to describe feelings - Prepositions with adjectives: e.g.: good at, happy with
- Weekend activities: e.g. go clubbing, visit relatives
- Modal Verbs: be able to, be allowed to, be supposed to,
must, should, can, ought to – Positive and negative forms
- Mustn’t – don’t have to: contrast
- Present Continuous and Present Simple: Contrast
- Talking about the present: routines, permanent,
- Work collocations: e.g. take work home
- Ways of Cooking: e.g. boil, roast, bake, etc.
- Kitchen utensils and appliances: e.g. a wok, a blender, etc.
Asking for , giving and responding to advice
- Sleep collocations: e.g. to be fast asleep, to snore - Gradable and strong adjectives: e.g. tired / exhausted - Adverbs: e.g. incredibly, extremely, absolutely, fairly
- Talking about experience, unfinished actions in the
- Past Simple or Present Perfect Simple: Contrast
- Adverbs and phrases used with Present Perfect: Never,
- Present Perfect Continuous and Present Perfect Simple:
- Questions with: How long…? and How many…?
E.g. - Is there anything else worth seeing?
- You should definitely see… That’s definitely
worth seeing.// Don’t bother going to …// I’d
- Phrasal verbs TRAVEL: e.g. set off, get around
- Phrases with TRAVEL, GET and GO ON: e.g. travel on your
own, get into/out of a car, go on a trip
- Travel vocabulary: e.g. a package holiday, a cruise
- Word formation: suffixes for adjectives and nouns: -y, -ce,
- Talking about the past: completed actions and events
- Talking about actions that happened before another
- Talking about repeated actions in the pasts and past
- Music collocations: e.g. do/play/a concert/a gig
- Adjectives to describe behavior: violent, arrogant, rude
- Character adjectives: e.g. adventurous, sensible, sensitive
Softening opinions and making generalizations
e.g. Some of them can be quite rude at times They tend to get rather (loud) Generally speaking, most… On the whole, most, …
- Comparative forms: comparatives, superlatives, much, a
- Talking about the future: decisions, plans, intentions,
bit, far, (not) as…as, different from, the same…as, very
- The Future: WILL, BE GOING TO, Present Continuous
- Verb patterns with KEEP, NEED, WOULD, PAY, MAKE.
- Saying you don’t know the name of something
e.g. I can’t remember what it is called.
- Homes: types of home: e.g. terraced house
e.g. It’s a thing for (opening bottles)
- Phrasal verbs: clear out, sort out, give away, throw away,
take out, tidy up, put away, come back, go through
- First Conditional and Future Time Clauses
- Talking about the future: possible conditions
- Zero conditionals: conditionals with imperatives and
Inviting people to speak: e.g. Paul, you had something
- Reflexive pronouns: myself, yourself, etc
Asking to speak: e.g. Sorry, do you mind if I interrupt? - Write a letter to a newspaper
(Not) Allowing someone to interrupt: e.g. Sure, go
ahead // Can I just finish what I was saying?
- Synonyms: e.g. choose/pick, worried/concerned
Asking for opinion, agreeing , disagreeing: e.g. That
may be true but what about …? // That’s not true actually.
- Ability Can, could, Be able to , manage, have no idea how,
- Talking about ability in the present and in the past
- Talking about imaginary / hypothetical situations
- Use of articles: a, an, the , no article
Do you know if…? // Have you any idea where-…?
- Computers: collocations, words and phrases: e.g. click on
- Electrical equipment: e.g. a hair straightener
- Passive voice: Present Simple and Continuous, Present
Perfect Simple, Past Simple, be going to, Will, Can.
- Quantifiers: a bit too much / many, not enough, plenty of
Watch out for… Be careful when…/ Whatever you do,
- The weather: e.g. a gale, a heat wave; freezing, chilly
If I were you…/ It’s a good idea to…/ Don’t forget to…
- Word formation prefixes and opposites: un-, dis-, im-, in-,
That’s a good idea. I hadn’t thought of that.
That’s really useful, thanks. That’s very helpful.
- Relative clauses with who , which, that , whose, where,
- Present Perfect Simple Active and Passive for recent
- Connecting words: although, even though, however,
-Talking about health problems and explaining
treatment: e.g. I keep getting really bad headaches
I’m allergic to penicillin. // I can’t stop sneezing.
- News collocations: e.g. publish results/a report
- Health: e.g. a surgeon is a doctor who does operations - Health problems, symptoms and treatment: e.g. a runny
- Was/were going to, was/were supposed to
- Must / can´t, might, could, for deductions in the present
- Must have /can´t have/might have/could have for
- Contacting people: phrases: e.g. get hold of sb
- Adjectives and phrases to describe appearance and age
Refusing permission politely: e.g. Sorry, I don’t think
- Phrasal verbs: e.g. get out of sth, etc.
- Reported Speech: statements: SAY and TELL
- Reported Speech: questions and imperatives
- Things people do at work: e.g. have a lot of responsibility
Checking that the information is correct
- Adjectives to describe jobs: e.g. demanding, well paid
- Informal words and phrases: e.g. fancy (doing sth)
- Phrases with GET: get a message, get lost, get home, get
- Word formation: word families: Verb-Noun-Adjective: e.g.
- The English Verb System: Simple, Continuous, and Perfect
Aspect; the Passive; Activity and State Verbs
- Use of auxiliaries: Auxiliaries in verb forms; Modal Verbs
- Other uses of auxiliaries: Question tags; Echo questions;
Agreeing, Avoiding repetition; to add emphasis
- Question forms with prepositions: Who with? H
- Verb patterns: Verbs + TO INF or ING with a difference in
- Present Simple; Present continuous with always, Will + infinitive
- Talking about repeated habits and states
- Expressions of lower and higher frequency: e.g. every now and
- Feelings and opinions: Adjectives plus prepositions: e.g.
- Word building. Suffixes: Verbs, Nouns, Adjectives, Adverbs
- Second Conditional. Alternatives for if: Provided, As long as.
- Third Conditional: Positive, Negative, questions
- Verb+ prepositions: e.g. spend sth on sb/sth-
- Types of crime, criminals and crime verbs
- Narrative Tenses: Past Simple and Continuous; Past Perfect
- Relative Clauses: Defining, Non-Defining and Reduced
- Expressing surprise or lack of surprise
- Books and reading: e.g. a literary genre - Ways of exaggerating: e.g. I’m speechless; It costs a fortune
- The future: Will; .Be going to; Present Continuous, Future
- Talking about the future: intentions, arrangements, action
- Comparatives: far (more) addictive than., almost as (much) as,
- Other ways of comparing: e.g. twice/four times bigger than; get Real World
more and more +ADJ; The bigger they are, the more they cost
- Back referencing: i.e. the use of words to refer back to people,
- Adjectives for giving opinions: e.g. inevitable, disturbing
- Modal verbs: levels of certainty about the future: WILL/
WON’T, MAY (NOT), MIGHT (NOT);, COUD (NOT), be bound to,
- Expressing degrees of certainty about the future
- Uses of ING: after certain verbs, as subject of a sentence, after
prepositions, after despite or despite of, in reduced relative
- Phrases with take: e.g. take advantage, take sides
e.g.- I was wondering if I could see you for a moment?
- Compound adjectives describing character: e.g. easy-going; laid-
- I’m afraid I’m a bit tied up just now.
- Yes, of course. What can I do for you?
- Simple and Continuous Aspects: activity and state verbs
- Word formation Prefixes: anti-, ex-, mis-, non-, over-, post-, pre-
- Wishes in the present: I wish + Past/could/would
I hope he’ll understand // It´s time + S+ Past
- Regrets: Wish & Should have // If only…
- Expressions with MONEY: to be well off; get into debt
- Phrasal verbs with MONEY: take out a loan to buy a car; save
- Other passive structures: e.g. The first ceremony to be
- Entertainment adjectives: e.g. fast-moving, ripping, overrated
- Expressing opinion, agreeing and disagreeing adding
- Quantifiers: everyone, each, none of, neither of
- Household Jobs: e.g. fix the roof, change a lightbulb
- Compound nouns and adjectives: workplace, washing machine;
- Reacting positively and negatively to new ideas
- Work and business collocations: e.g. be out of work, go out of
- Advertising: e.g. advertising budget, launch a new product
- Deduction in the present and the past: Modal Verbs
- Making deductions about the past and the present
- News collocations: e.g. to cause a crisis, to cause an outcry
Antiviral resistance Position Neuraminidase (SUBTYPE) isolates inhibitors genicity Ose. Zan. Table 1 : List of mutations used to compute antiviral resistance and putative human adaptation. Ose.: Oseltamivir. Zan.: Zanamivir. Per.: Peramivir. Adam.: Adamantanes. Hum. adapt.: Human adaptation. Ref.; bibliographic reference number. High pathogenicity: could contribute,
Visual perception in Parkinson disease dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies U.P. Mosimann, MD; G. Mather, PhD; K.A. Wesnes, PhD; J.T. O’Brien, DM; D.J. Burn, MD; Abstract— Objective: To quantify visual discrimination, space-motion, and object-form perception in patients with Parkin- son disease dementia (PDD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and Alzheimer disease (AD). Methods: